Currently, Legionnaires’ Disease is the most important topic in the HVAC industry. This is due to its serious health effects that have been prominent in the recent past and because HVAC systems have been pointed out as key culprits in the spread of the illness. Those involved in any aspect of HVAC systems thus need to enlighten themselves on the issue.
The disease is caused by a bacterium known as Legionella Pneumophila which was discovered about thirty years ago. It can be considered as a specialized kind of pneumonia whose symptoms include coughing, chills, high fever and aches among others. The bacterium is also known to cause a milder form of the illness, referred to as Pontiac Fever.
Relation Between The Disease and HVAC Systems
The reason why this illness is of key importance to HVAC professionals is that the bacteria is commonly found in large A/C systems and cooling towers. It prefers stagnant warm water and spreads the illness when one inhales contaminated vapor or mist. This means that it can spread rapidly in large buildings where there are many people. Such places place a great deal of stress on heating and cooling equipment.
Other sources have also contributed to outbreaks. Such include indoor fountains, shower heads and hot tubs. HVAC devices have however been the most common culprits. People with access and control over such units are therefore vital when it comes to containing the spread of Pontiac Fever and Legionnaires’ Disease.
Though both of these illnesses can be treated using antibiotics, about 30% of the patients could die. This is a serious statistic, considering that about 18000 people countrywide are hospitalized with the condition each year. Stopping the disease from spreading is hence very important.
Controlling the Disease
Despite significant improvements in technology, awareness and techniques, Legionnaires’ Disease has continued to be a menace frequently since the bacterium was discovered. A good number of cases have been traced to other origins besides air conditioning, with the source being hard to identify in other instances. Successful prevention is however tied to various aspects of an HVAC unit’s life cycle. These include design, installation, operation and maintenance. If all these things are done properly, then the health of the occupants can be safeguarded.
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